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Fact Sheets

The Pediatric Treatment Gap

Published March 30, 2026

Topics:

HIV,

Pediatric HIV

Countries:

Global

Issue Briefs

Accelerating Progress to Ending Pediatric HIV

Published March 30, 2026

We are at a critical inflection point for children affected by HIV. In 2024 alone, 120,000 children were newly infected, and, without timely treatment, half of HIV positive infants will not reach their second birthday. Children remain left behind—a child with HIV is 6 times more likely to die than…

Topics:

HIV,

Pediatric HIV

Countries:

Global

Resource

Protecting Lives, Sustaining Progress

Published March 15, 2026

The following landscape analysis of maternal and child health, HIV prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, and the historic strength of U.S. leadership in global aid provides an overview of these key areas of global health and recommendations for U.S. Congressional engagement and prioritization.

Topics:

Advocacy,

Children,

Global Health Security,

Health System Strengthening,

HIV,

Maternal and Child Health,

Mothers and Infants,

Women

Countries:

Global,

United States

Journal Articles

An integrated, multidisciplinary management team intervention to improve patient‑centeredness, HIV, and maternal‑child outcomes in Lesotho

Published December 22, 2024

Background Reducing perinatal HIV transmission and optimizing maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes in high HIV prevalence settings is an urgent, but complex, priority. Extant interventions over-emphasize individual-level provider and patient behaviors, and neglect critical health systems-level changes. The ‘Integrated Management Team to Improve Maternal-Child Outcomes (IMPROVE)’ study implemented a…

Topics:

Maternal and Child Health

Countries:

Lesotho

Journal Articles

Integrating SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in maternal, neonatal and child health, HIV, and TB clinics in Kenya and Cameroon

Published October 30, 2024

Introduction: Early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to preventing severe disease and poor outcomes in vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and people living with HIV or diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). We assessed outcomes achieved with the integration of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic testing (Ag-RDT) into maternal, neonatal and…

Topics:

Global Health Security,

Maternal and Child Health

Countries:

Cameroon,

Kenya

Journal Articles

Follow-Up Outcomes of Children, Adolescents, and Young People on Darunavir-Based Third-Line Antiretroviral Therapy

Published October 30, 2024

Background: We assessed clinical outcomes among children, adolescents, and people younger than 25 years on darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 9 sub-Saharan African countries. Setting: Third-line ART centers in Cameroon, Eswatini, Kenya, Lesotho, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Methods: From January 2019 to December 2022, we collected data from a cohort of…

Topics:

Adolescents,

Pediatric HIV

Countries:

Cameroon,

Eswatini,

Kenya,

Lesotho,

Nigeria,

Rwanda,

Uganda,

Zambia,

Zimbabwe

Journal Articles

A Longitudinal Assessment of Interruptions in HIV Clinic Visits and Virologic Failure among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in the Kabeho Study

Published October 30, 2024

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for women with HIV is recommended for life, yet most studies measure retention in HIV care and treatment as a binary outcome rather than patterns of intermittent clinic attendance. Pregnancy and the post-partum period are critical times to study interruptions in care, as retention among these women…

Topics:

Maternal and Child Health

Countries:

Rwanda

Journal Articles

Breastfeeding, Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV Transmission, and the HIV Reservoir

Published October 8, 2024

Recommendations on breastfeeding by persons living with HIV (PLWH) have shifted globally over time. Because the absolute risk for HIV transmission through breast milk in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is as high as 16% to 20%, recommendations for low-resource settings in the early 1990s initially emphasized replacement feeding…

Topics:

Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT),

Research

Issue Briefs

Building a Future of Health

Published October 2, 2024

An Unspoken Crisis: Children Are Being Left Behind In 2022, one child died every six seconds. The causes of most of those deaths were preventable. This is unacceptable. Whereas countries have the tools and knowledge to end preventable deaths and suffering in children, children face inequalities in access to health…

Topics:

Pediatric HIV,

Tuberculosis (TB)